高性能獨立光伏發電系統

摘要：本文介紹一種高性能的獨立光伏（PV）發電系統。為使PV發電系統能更具靈活性和推廣性，系統后級的功率電路，由高效的升壓變換器和脈寬調制（PWM）逆變器組成。在DC-DC功率變換中，為提高常規升壓變換器的轉換效率，引入了高效的升壓變換器，以與低壓的PV陣列并聯運行，并對PWM逆變器進行解耦和簡化。而且為對PWM逆變器進行電壓控制，文中的自適應全滑模控制（ATSMC）系統，可保持總諧波失真（THD）較小的正弦波輸出電壓，在輸出負載變化的情況下，其電壓的變化也較小。此外，還介紹了不帶任何光傳感器的有效太陽光跟蹤器，可使PV模塊直接面向太陽，以捕獲最大的光輻照度和提高系統的效率。文獻[1]中給出的試驗結果，證實了高性能獨立光伏系統的高效升壓變換器，PWM逆變器控制以及有效太陽跟蹤器的有效性。 敘詞：光伏發電系統 高效升壓變換器 PWM逆變器 太陽跟蹤系統 開路電壓 最大功率點跟蹤 自適應全滑模控制（ATSMC） Abstract：This paper introduces a high-performance independent photovotaic generator system. In order to make PV generator system more flexible and popularized, post-system power circuit is made up of high-performance step-up converter and PWM inverter. During DC-DC power conversion, high-performance step-up converter is applied to run parallelly with low-voltage PV arrays, and PWM Inverter is decoupled and simplified in order to raise the conversion rate of common step-up converter. What's more, in order to curb a power control on PWM inverter, the ATSMC system in this paper could keep sine wave output voltage with a low THD, and its voltage changes only a little when output load changes. Besides, this paper introduces efficient sunlight tracker that doesn't contain any opto-sensor, thus the PV module could face directly to the sun to catch highest light irradiation and improve the efficiency of the system. In Literature I, the experiment result has proven that high-performance independent PV system, high-performance step-up converter, the control of PWM inverter as well as efficient sunlight tracker are of high performance and efficiency. Keyword：PV Generator system, High-performance step-up converter, PWM Inverter, Sunlight tracking system, Open-circuit voltage, Maximum power point tracing