怠速啟停車用鉛蓄電池技術的發展歷程

摘要：汽車制造廠家一直在努力開發怠速啟停車以提高燃油效率，采用的裝置比電動汽車和混合式電動車輛所用的要簡單且成本低。怠速啟停車用裝置不僅要求鉛蓄電池有更大的電力起動和再起動，而且需要在路上怠速啟停車時電池有更大的電荷。怠速啟停車用鉛蓄電池必須具有優良的耐久性，原因是這種電池的充電量和放電量要比普通電池大得多。為提高燃油效率，還必須盡可能減少由車輛發動機轉動提供的電能，怠速啟停車用鉛蓄電池的充電時間比普通電池要短得多，而且還必須在幾秒鐘之內接受補充電，因此，要求電池具有高度的充電接受能力。通過優化活性物質的組成、板柵設計及電解液添加劑，提高了怠速啟停車用鉛蓄電池的耐久性和充電接受能力。自2009年GS-湯淺電池公司開始上市供應這種電池，其補充電接受能力和耐久性能，分別約高于普通電池的3倍和4倍。本文敘述了怠速啟停車用鉛蓄電池的技術變化。 敘詞：鉛蓄電池 怠速啟停車 再生充電接受能力 部分荷電狀態 Abstract：Automotive manufactures have been trying the development of idling stop vehicles to improve fuel efficiency with simple systems and low cost compared to EVs and HEVs. The idling stop system (ISS)requires more and more electric power to lead-acid battery for not only cramking including re-starting but also electric load during the idiling stop on the road. The lead-acid battery for ISS must have high durability performance. Because the amount of charge and discharge for ISS increases obviously as compared with that of conventional vehicles. It is also necessary to decrease the electrical energy provided by the rotation of vehicle engine as much as possible to improve fuel efficiency. Charging time of the lead-acid battery for ISS needs to be much shorter than that of conventional batteries, and the regenerative charge must be accepted in seconds. Therefore. High charge acceptance is required on the lead-acid battery for ISS. We have improved the durability and the charge acceptance of the lead-acid battery for ISS through optimizing active material compositions, grid design, and additive addition to electrolyte since we started to supply in the market in 2009. As a result, the regenerative charge acceptance is about 3 times higher, and the durability is about 4 times higher than that of conventional batteries. In this report we describe these technical transitiorns of the lead-acid battery for ISS. Keyword：Lead-acid battery, Idling stop, Regenerative charge acceptance, PSOC